阳春市野生珍稀濒危植物和国家重点保护野生植物

阳春市植物资源丰富，东北部有百涌省级自然保护区，西南部有正在申报省级的鹅凰嶂自然保护区。据调查和现有资料统计，阳春市自然分布的珍稀濒危植物34种，国家重点保护野生植物19种。为保护好这批珍贵的植物资源，作者提出了具体的保护建议。     

安徽湿地植物的一个新分布科和3个新分布种

为了查清安徽省冬至县安徽升金湖自然保护区淡水湿地植被恢复前、后的植物资源,作者于2007年5-7月和2009年4-9月,用相邻网格法对安徽升金湖(上湖、中湖及下湖)湖边的湿地草本植物进行了调查研究[1-4],通过调查、标本整理鉴定和查阅资料,发现了1个安徽地理分布新记录科--沟繁缕科(Elatinaceae)和3个新记录种,即沟繁缕科的三蕊沟繁缕(Elatine triandra Schkuhr.)、莎草科(Cyperaceae)的羊角苔草(Carex capricornis Meinsh.)和檀香科(Santalaceae)的急折百蕊草(Thesium refractum Mey.)[5-14].     

湖南珍稀濒危植物迁地仿生护存的初步研究

由于人为破坏和环境条件的恶化，许多植物资源处于濒危灭绝状况，一种植物的灭绝，又将导致10～30个生物种的消失．为了保护珍稀濒危植物，保护生态环境，根据迁地护存植物的生物学特性、生态学特性及其原产地的生态环境条件，应用植物引种原理，从1986年开始，在湖南省森林植物园，对湖南和邻近省的一些珍稀濒危植物进行了迁地仿生护存的初步研究．共迁地护存珍稀濒危植物124种，现保存118种，保存率95．16％．其中，湖南省分布的国家级珍稀濒危植物57种，邻近省的27种，省级保护植物34种．这些植物中，年均高生长60cm以上的有25种，30～60cm的有42种，小于30cm的有51种．     

Exotic plant species in the southern boreal forest of Saskatchewan

Exotic species possess abilities to harm the ecosystems they invade. This study assesses the density, frequency and cover of exotic plants in roadside right-of-ways, logged areas and wildfire sites within mixedwood sections of the southern boreal forest of Saskatchewan. A total of 23 exotic species were observed including nine species of Gramineae, seven species of Leguminosae and five species of Compositae. Average density of exotic species in areas recently disturbed by timber harvesting or wildfire was 0.2 stems m⁻² with a frequency of 72%. Exotic species adapted for wind dispersal were best represented including common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), perennial sow thistle (Sonchus arvensis) and annual hawksbeard (Crepis tectorum). Only two exotic species, T. officinale and Canada bluegrass (Poa compressa), were observed in mature forest; both occurred with a frequency of 13% and an average density of 0.002 stems m⁻². A total of 22 exotic species was found in the right-of-ways quadrats with an average density of 117 stems m⁻² and a frequency of 94%. The most frequently observed exotic species in the roadside right-of-way areas were T. officinale, alsike clover (Trifolium hybridum), S. arvensis, creeping red fescue (Festuca rubra) and smooth brome grass (Bromus inermis). These species are either common agricultural weeds or were part of the original seed mixture used to establish a plant cover in the roadside right-of-ways.     

植物抗寒性的生理生态学机制研究进展

综述植物在冷驯化过程中发生的一系列生理生化变化.环境对植物抗寒性的影响主要与光诱导、温湿度以及气候的变化有关.植物表面形成冰层会引起植物的无氧呼吸,导致植物受害;光抑制诱导活性氧的产生,从而导致植物光合系统的退化,抗寒能力下降,而短日照诱导植物休眠,有利于植物抗寒.光敏色素则被认为是启动冷驯化的光受体;植物通过冷驯化增加碳水化合物的积累及病原体相关蛋白的合成,以增强对低温病原体的抵抗能力;气候的变化使植物遭受了更大的冷伤害风险.微管最初遇冷时部分的解体可以有效诱导植物抗寒性;抗氧化酶活性增强,植物体内糖、脯氨酸、多胺等内含物含量上升.植物休眠状态中的生理变化(种子的休眠、芽的休眠)与ABA敏感性的差异有关.对植物抗寒性分子机制的研究表明:COR基因的表达对于植物抗寒性和冷驯化是十分关键的;与气候梯度有关的基因梯度的分布说明寒冷地区的树种更为抗寒;多表型性状的数量性状分析,为重要的农艺性状标记辅助选择(MAS)提供基础.对植物抗寒过程中的信号转导进行研究发现,Ca2 是低温下参与调节冷驯化应答机制中信号转导途径的重要的第二信使.未来植物抗寒领域的研究热点为信号转导和基因调节,低温抗性的遗传学和遗传应用及代谢组学,气候变化对于植物抗寒的影响等方面.     

Plant species diversity of homegardens of Cuba and its significance for household food supply

The cultivation of different plants in homegardens for self-sufficiency has a long tradition in Cuba, but knowledge about homegardens in Cuba is small. To analyse this more deeply, cultivated plants of 31 homegardens were surveyed in three villages in eastern Cuba in 2001. Two of the study villages were located in a humid area with an annual precipitation of about 2200 mm. The third village was situated in a semiarid area with about 450 mm precipitation. The plants studied in the homegardens included those for human consumption such as fruits, vegetables, tubers and cereals as well as spices and medicinal plants. In total, 101 different plant species were found with an average number of 18 to 24 species per homegarden for the three villages. A broad range of species was found in all villages, because irrigation is used under semiarid conditions, which lead to a relative high similarity in species composition between the villages. But, also differences due to the climatic situation became evident, particularly with the medicinal plants. In general, homegarden production provided a broad and diverse basis for self-sufficiency of the households. Although homegarden production showed to be only a small source of income, it is particularly important because of low-paid outside work and minimal food provision of the state.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

7种园林植物的耐盐性研究

利用滨海盐碱土配制栽培土壤,采用大棚盆栽试验方法,对7种常见园林绿化植物的生长表现、存活率、高生长、叶绿素含量、相对含水量进行研究的结果表明:连翘、月季和四季桂的耐盐性较差,只能在含盐量不大于2.3 g/kg的土壤中正常生长;其次为金叶女贞,能在含盐量不大于4.6 g/kg的土壤中生长;雪松能在含盐量不大于4.9g/kg的土壤中正常生长;油松能在含盐量不大于5.8g/kg的土壤中正常生长;爬地柏耐盐性最强,能正常生长于含盐量高达8.7g/kg的土壤中.     

我国木本植物食用色素资源及其开发利用优势

食用色素系食品和医药工业上广泛使用的一类添加剂，而合成食用色素因在人体内的累积中毒、致癌等严重毒性而被限量或禁止使用，因此开发无毒和无副作用的植物天然色素已成为食用色素开发的主流。本文回顾了木本植物的抗氧化、抗癌、抗辐射、预防疾病等多种重要的医疗保健功能，以及我国近年木本植物天然色素资源的研究成果，并对木本植物天然食用色素开发利用的优势提出了看法。     

西藏色季拉山西坡种子植物花卉资源现状

应用植物群落学的理论和方法,对西藏色季拉山西坡种子植物花卉资源进行调查研究,结果表明:色季拉山西坡有花卉植物52科,133属,219种;菊科和蔷薇科等是这一区域优势科,杜鹃属和忍冬属等是这一区域优势属;急尖长苞冷杉和杯萼忍冬分别是木本乔木类花卉和木本灌木类花卉中资源最优势且分布范围最广的花卉种,草本攀援类花卉呈现出资源相对优势的种分布较狭窄而分布广的种资源量较小的趋势;从垂直高度上看,海拔3 500 m附近的花卉平均物种数最多,海拔4 200 - 4 800 m带的物种多样性最高;花卉物种中有20种中国物     

几种公路绿化树种的扦插繁殖

根据多年的试验实践，总结出适合于公路绿化的６种乔灌木意杨、银杏、金叶千头柏、蜀桧栀子花和红叶小蘖，并介绍了这些树种的生长特性以及最适宜的扦插繁殖技木，将对今后的公路绿化有一定参考价值。